The UK’s ECO4 scheme (Energy Company Obligation phase 4) is designed to make homes warmer, more energy-efficient, and more affordable to heat — especially for low-income and vulnerable households. One of the biggest areas where energy efficiency can be improved is insulation maintenance and repair.
In this guide, we will explain everything you need to know about keeping your insulation in top condition, spotting signs of damage, and making repairs under ECO4.
Why Insulation Matters for Every Home
Insulation works like a blanket for your house — it traps warmth during the winter and keeps unwanted heat out in summer. Without proper insulation, you could be losing up to 35% of your home’s heat through walls, roofs, and floors.
Benefits of good insulation include:
- Lower heating bills (potential savings of £200–£400 per year)
- A warmer, more comfortable home
- Reduced condensation, damp, and mould
- Lower carbon emissions
- Improved property value
Types of Insulation Covered Under ECO4
ECO4 can fund the installation, repair, and replacement of several types of insulation:
- Loft Insulation – Prevents heat escaping through the roof.
- Cavity Wall Insulation – Fills the gap between external and internal walls.
- Solid Wall Insulation – Adds insulation to the outside or inside of solid walls in older homes.
- Floor Insulation – Keeps heat inside by insulating under suspended or solid floors.
- Pipe and Tank Insulation – Prevents heat loss from your hot water system.
Signs That Your Insulation Needs Maintenance or Repair
You should check for these warning signs:
- High energy bills despite no changes in heating use.
- Cold draughts or uneven room temperatures.
- Mould or damp patches on ceilings or walls.
- Pests (mice, birds, insects) nesting in loft or cavity walls.
- Compressed, wet, or missing insulation in the loft.
Common Insulation Problems and How to Fix Them
| Problem | Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Damp or wet insulation | Roof leaks, rising damp, or poor ventilation | Identify leak source, repair it, and replace wet insulation |
| Compressed loft insulation | Heavy items stored or pest damage | Remove items, replace insulation to 270mm depth |
| Gaps in cavity wall insulation | Poor installation or material settling | Extract old insulation and refill |
| Mould growth | Condensation or leaks | Improve ventilation and replace affected material |
| Cold spots in walls | Thermal bridging | Add extra insulation to problem areas |
ECO4 Eligibility for Insulation Repairs
You could qualify for free or subsidised insulation repairs if you:
- Receive certain benefits (e.g., Universal Credit, Pension Credit, Income Support)
- Live in a home with a low EPC rating (E, F, or G)
- Rent from a private landlord or live in social housing
- Have health issues made worse by cold or damp homes
How to Maintain Your Home Insulation
Proper maintenance can extend the life of your insulation for decades:
- Inspect annually – Check your loft, walls, and floors for damage.
- Clear ventilation – Blocked air vents can cause condensation and mould.
- Prevent leaks – Repair roof and gutter problems quickly.
- Stop pests – Seal entry points in roofs, walls, and floors.
- Avoid compressing insulation – Store items on loft boards, not directly on insulation.
Working With ECO4-Approved Installers
For insulation work under ECO4:
- Choose a TrustMark-registered contractor.
- Ask for a free home energy assessment.
- Ensure damaged insulation is properly removed before new installation.
- Request a work guarantee to protect your investment.
The Long-Term Benefits of Good Insulation
With proper insulation maintenance and repairs, you can:
- Reduce heat loss by up to 30%
- Improve indoor comfort in all seasons
- Cut your heating bills dramatically
- Increase your home’s resale value
- Lower your carbon footprint
Final Tip: Insulation is not just a one-time job — it’s an ongoing investment in your home’s comfort and energy efficiency. Under the ECO4 scheme, you may be able to repair or replace it at little to no cost, so it’s worth checking your eligibility today.